The right bank levee system of the Wailoa Stream FCP has prevented the community from flooding during numerous major flood events, including the record-setting flood in November 2000, and most-recently during Hurricane Lane (August 2018). Observed damages from past flood events include erosion and scour of the natural channel invert; and concrete damages to the lined channel at the downstream end. Although the Wailoa Stream FCP has a history of being well maintained by the County of Hawaii, there are still residual risks that could lead to a breach or overtopping somewhere in the levee system. In the event that one or more of the levee embankments experiences a breach failure, people and properties immediately adjacent to the levee would be at the greatest risk. The initially high and fast-moving water at the breach location could be life threatening and cause significant property damage. As the water spreads into the leveed area, however, it would slow down rapidly and cause shallow flooding (typically less than 1 foot in height) to streets and low-lying areas as it flows toward the ocean. If overtopping occurs, it would likely first be observed at the upstream end near the University’s baseball field. The State and County have extensively planned their response to a variety of emergencies, including a multi-layered system to alert residents and non-residents of their risk of imminent flooding. There is no site-specific emergency action plan, however, which would reduce the overall risk for this specific levee system. The leveed area includes residential, commercial, and public structures. A university and elementary school are also located within the leveed area. A flood would likely have social consequences to the Hilo community and negatively impact the regional economy.